@PhDThesis{Pereira:2013:EsAsEm,
author = "Pereira, Gabriel",
title = "Estimativa e assimila{\c{c}}{\~a}o das emiss{\~o}es de gases
tra{\c{c}}os e aeross{\'o}is de queimadas em modelos de
qu{\'{\i}}mica atmosf{\'e}rica",
school = "Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)",
year = "2013",
address = "S{\~a}o Jos{\'e} dos Campos",
month = "2013-11-11",
keywords = "pot{\^e}ncia radiativa do fogo, emiss{\~a}o, queimadas, gases
tra{\c{c}}os, aeross{\'o}is, fire radiative power, emission,
biomass burning, trace gases, aerosols.",
abstract = "Inc{\^e}ndios florestais e queimadas intencionais devastam
extensas {\'a}reas de florestas, vegeta{\c{c}}{\~o}es
herb{\'a}ceo-arbustivas e pastagens por todo o mundo. As
queimadas possuem um papel fundamental nos servi{\c{c}}os
ecossist{\^e}micos, pois permitem a abertura de {\'a}reas para a
agricultura e pecu{\'a}ria, o controle de pragas e a ciclagem de
nutrientes, por{\'e}m, modificam o balan{\c{c}}o de carbono, a
composi{\c{c}}{\~a}o atmosf{\'e}rica e a biodiversidade,
al{\'e}m de atuarem na altera{\c{c}}{\~a}o do balan{\c{c}}o de
energia, assim como, nos ciclos biogeoqu{\'{\i}}micos e
hidrol{\'o}gicos regionais e/ou global. Atualmente, a
Am{\'e}rica do Sul contribui com 18\% do total de carbono
emitido para a atmosfera ou aproximadamente 377
\$Tg.C.ano^{-1}\$. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho tem como
objetivo principal desenvolver um m{\'e}todo de
assimila{\c{c}}{\~a}o para o modelo Coupled
Chemistry-Aerosol-Tracer Transport model coupled to Brazilian
Regional Atmospheric Modelling System (CCATT-BRAMS) em tempo
quase-real das emiss{\~o}es de gases tra{\c{c}}o e
aeross{\'o}is a partir da pot{\^e}ncia radiativa do fogo (FRP)
derivadas dos produtos do Moderate Resolution Imaging
Spectroradiometer (MODIS) e do Geostationary Operational
Environmental Satellite (GOES). No CCATT-BRAMS estimou-se a
emiss{\~a}o de mon{\'o}xido de carbono (CO) e de material
particulado com di{\^a}metro menor que 2,5\$\mu\$m
(PM\$_{2,5\mu{m}}\$) provenientes da queima de biomassa a
partir de dois m{\'e}todos distintos que foram avaliados
atrav{\'e}s dos dados coletados nos experimentos do Large Scale
Biosphere-Atmosphere (LBA) Smoke, Aerosols, Clouds, Rainfall, and
Climate (SMOCC) e Radiation, Cloud, and Climate Interactions
(RaCCI). As estimativas da emiss{\~a}o de PM\$_{2,5\mu{m}}\$
(\$\mu\$g.m\$^{-³}\$) e CO (ppb) modelados no CCATT-BRAMS
oriundos da assimila{\c{c}}{\~a}o da FRP apresentaram resultados
similares, com maiores frequ{\^e}ncias de correla{\c{c}}{\~o}es
situadas entre 87\% e 92\% e entre 70\% e 80\%,
respectivamente. Em geral os dados simulados foram subestimados em
at{\'e} 25\%, sendo que os modelos reproduziram aproximadamente
90\% da biomassa queimada detectada, mostrando um grande
potencial para o monitoramento em tempo quase-real das
emiss{\~o}es dos principais gases tra{\c{c}}os e aeross{\'o}is
emitidos no processo de combust{\~a}o de biomassa. Conclui-se que
o uso da FRP {\'e} capaz de reproduzir o padr{\~a}o de queimadas
locais e regionais, o que denotou um aprimoramento m{\'e}dio de
25\% em rela{\c{c}}{\~a}o ao m{\'e}todo tradicional. ABSTRACT:
Wildfires and intentional burning devastate large areas of forest,
shrublands, and grasslands over the world. Biomass burning plays a
trade-off role in the ecosystem services arena by opening spaces
for agriculture or livestock, controlling pests, or recycling
nutrients, on one side, and by modifying the carbon-cycling
mechanisms, the atmospheric composition, and biodiversity
patterns, on the other side. Fires also modify the energy balance,
and the biogeochemical and hydrological cycles. Globally, South
America contributes with 18\% of total carbon combustion emitted
into atmosphere with 377 Tg.C.year-1. Therefore, this work aims to
develop a method for real-time assimilation to Coupled
Chemistry-Aerosol-Tracer Transport model coupled to Brazilian
Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (CCATT-BRAMS) of trace gas
and aerosols emissions using fire radiative power (FRP) products
derived from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer
(MODIS) and the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite
(GOES). Through CCATT-BRAMS we estimated the CO and the
particulate matter with diameter less than 2.5\$\mu\$m
(PM\$_{2,5\mu{m}}\$) emissions derived from biomass burning by
two distinct methods that were evaluated from the data collected
in Large Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere (LBA) Smoke, Aerosols, Clouds,
rainfall, and Climate (SMOCC) and Radiation, Cloud, and Climate
Interactions (RaCCI) experiments. The emission assessment of
PM\$_{2,5\mu{m}}\$ (\$\mu\$g.m\$^{-³}\$) and CO (ppb)
modeled in CCATT-BRAMS through FRP algorithm showed similar
results, with the major frequencies of correlation between 87\% -
92\% and 70\% - 80\%, respectively. In general, the simulated
data was underestimated until 25\%, also, modes are able to
reproduce about 90\% of the biomass burned, showing great
potential for monitoring in near real time emissions of the main
gases and aerosols emitted in the biomass combustion process. We
concluded that the use of FRP is able to reproduce the pattern of
regional and local biomass burning, which denoted an average
improvement of 25\% compared to the traditional method.",
committee = "Arai, Eg{\'{\i}}dio (presidente) and Moraes, Elisabete Caria
(orientadora) and Freitas, Saulo Ribeiro de and Ros{\'a}rio,
Nilton Manuel {\'E}vora do and Packer, Ana Paula Contador",
englishtitle = "Estimation and assimilation of trace gases and aerosols in
atmosphere-chemical models",
language = "pt",
pages = "124",
ibi = "8JMKD3MGP7W/3F9T392",
url = "http://urlib.net/ibi/8JMKD3MGP7W/3F9T392",
targetfile = "publicacao.pdf",
urlaccessdate = "21 maio 2024"
}